{"id":16023,"date":"2010-01-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-01-10T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.brfamily.net\/?p=16023"},"modified":"2012-11-28T14:31:18","modified_gmt":"2012-11-28T14:31:18","slug":"%e5%ad%a9%e5%ad%90%e7%9a%84%e9%99%b0%e6%9a%97%e9%9d%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.brfamily.net\/?p=16023","title":{"rendered":"\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u9670\u6697\u9762…"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Picture\"
\u9673C9: \u300e\u6211\u500b\u4ed4\u6210\u65e5\u90fd\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5, \u505a\u5de6\u53c8\u5514\u8a8d….. \u300f
\u5f35C9: \u300e\u6211\u500b\u5973\u660e\u660e\u5514\u958b\u5fc3, \u53c8\u4e0d\u505c\u5481\u7b11, \u597d\u4f3c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u5481…..\u300f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u66fe\u7d93\u8a71\u904e\u5973\u5152…<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f62\u771f\u4fc2\u597d\u53e4\u60d1\u5440…..<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f62\u6210\u65e5\u90fd\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5\u5481…. <\/font><\/p>\n

(\u660e\u660e\u505a\u932f\u91ce, \u7747\u4f4f\u4f62\u932f)
\u554f\u5979: \u300e\u908a\u500b\u5514\u5ca9\u5440?\u300f
\u5973\u5152: \u300e(\u6307\u4f4f\u7238B) \u7238B\u56c9!!!\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

\u53c8\u6210\u554f\u5973\u5152: \u300e\u9ede\u89e3\u60a8\u8981\u8b1b\u5927\u8a71?! \u60a8\u77e5\u5514\u77e5\u5481\u6a23\u4fc2\u5514\u5ca9?\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

……..<\/font><\/p>\n

…………….<\/font><\/p>\n

……………………<\/font><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u81f3\u4e0a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u8ab2…. \u624d\u767c\u73fe… \u539f\u4f86\u5b78\u8aaa\u4e0a\u6709Private Self<\/strong>\u4e00\u8a5e!!!!<\/font><\/p>\n

\u610f\u8a5e\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u4eba\u4eba\u4e16\u754c\u7684”\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5”, “\u53e4\u53e4\u60d1\u60d1”, “\u8b1b\u5927\u8a71\u5514\u8aa0\u5be6”……<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8001\u5e2b\u518d\u4e09\u5f37\u8abf: \u300e\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5730\u6709\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb, \u8acb\u52ff\u9a5a\u614c, \u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3, \u56e0\u70ba\u5462\u500b\u7d55\u5c0d\u7d55\u5c0d\u4fc2\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u6210\u9577\u65e2\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u968e\u6bb5, \u4f62\u5730\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7d93\u6b77\u904e, \u5148\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u65e2”\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5”, \u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u65e2, \u5c31\u4fc2\u5584\u610f\u7684\u7cfe\u6b63\u4f62\u65e2\u904e\u932f… \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86!\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u5730\u65b9, \u6703\u6709”I”\u540c”ME”\u4e4b\u5206, \u4f46\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u65e2\u8a9e\u8a00, \u4ec0\u9ebc”I”, \u4ec0\u9ebc”ME”, \u90fd\u4fc2\u4e00\u500b”\u6211”\u5b57, \u8b8a\u76f8, \u6211\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u7565\u65e2, \u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u9072, \u6bd4\u8f03\u6162……<\/font><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4f86\u60f3\u5c07\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u4e2d\u6587, \u4f46\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u5947\u5dee\u7684\u6211, \u5be6\u5728\u986f\u919c\u4e0d\u5982\u85cf\u6398… \"emotion\" \u6587\u5b57\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3, \u5167\u5bb9\u66f4\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u660e…. \u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u597d\u53cb\u5011, \u53ef\u4ee5\u7d30\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b…. <\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

Public Self<\/font><\/strong>: people can see (both physically & mentally)<\/font><\/p>\n

Private Self<\/font><\/strong>: not available for public scrutiny<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

By the age of 2-3<\/font><\/strong>
<\/font>~ aware knowing something that others don’t know
<\/font>~ know that their thoughts cannot be observed, reflected by (1) lying and hiding their guilt; (2) faking emotions<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\"Picture\"<\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/u><\/strong><\/font> <\/p>\n

The Concept of “I” & “ME”<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

I<\/font><\/strong>: a private self<\/strong> that has an inner, reflective (thinking) character not available to others<\/font><\/p>\n

ME<\/strong><\/font>: a public self<\/strong> that others can see<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\n

An 18 – 24 months old<\/strong><\/font> infant often use a personal pronoun (me) or their own name to label their photographic image (Lewis & Brooks-Gunn, 1979)<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u8a18: \u96e3\u602a\u9756\u5929\u898b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u500b\u6a23, \u53ea\u6703\u8aaa”\u9756\u5929”, \u4f46\u6975\u5c11\u8aaa”\u6211”, “\u6211\u9ece\u67b6”….<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Early understandings of Mental States\"Picture\"<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

At 18-month-old<\/font><\/em><\/strong>: reason accurately about other peoples’ desires (Toddlers demonstrate some awareness of their own & others’ mental states)<\/font><\/p>\n

By the age of 2-3<\/em><\/font><\/strong>: often talk about mental states such as needs, feelings, desire  (\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86tERRIBLE 2\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5427?)<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

Between 3-4<\/font><\/em><\/strong>: a belief-desire theory of mind appears (Children recognize, as we adults do, those beliefs & desires are different mental states & that their or both can influence one’s conduct) (Wellman, 1990)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

Example: A 4-year-old that has broken a vase while roughhousing, may try to overcome his mother’s desire to punish him by trying to make her believe that his breaking that vase was an accident<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Middle Childhood (7-9 years):<\/font><\/em><\/strong>
~ Using more abstract or psychological attributes to represent their inner qualities (e.g. traits values, beliefs, etc)
~ Evolves from social interactions and undergoes many changes over the course of a lifetime<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u7533\u95b1\u8b80: <\/font><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5 (Self-Concept), by \u660e\u5831\u901a\u8b58\u7db2, Sept 07  (<\/font>CLICK HERE<\/strong><\/font><\/a>)
<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8ad6 (Theory of Mind), by Ying0106, Jul 09  (<\/font>CLICK HERE<\/font><\/strong><\/a>)<\/font>
<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ab2\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5514\u773c\u8a13, \u5c31\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6, \u96d6\u60b6, \u4f46\u537b\u6b63\u6b63\u53ef\u4ee5\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u5973\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a….\"emotion\"<\/font><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u7576\u9756\u5929\u5abd\u5abd\u82e5\u5e72\u6708\u524d\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u60f3: \u70ba\u4f55\u9756\u5929\u5c0f\u5c0f\u5e74\u7d00\u6703\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8a71? \u70ba\u4f55\u5fc3\u809d\u660e\u660e\u505a\u932f\u800c\u77e5\u9053\u537b\u53c8\u80e1\u8aaa\u662f\u7238B….. \u539f\u4f86\u4e00\u5207, \u90fd\u662f\u9019\u500b”\u6211<\/font><\/strong>“\u5728\u4f5c\u602a….\"emotion\"<\/font><\/p>\n

\u660e\u767d\u4e86, \u77e5\u9053\u4e86, \u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u64d4\u5fc3, \u662f\u5426\u6559\u5c0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u51fa\u554f\u984c…. <\/font><\/p>\n

2\u6b72\u7684\u9756\u5929, \u5c0d”\u6211”\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5df2\u7d93\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5f37, \u77e5\u9053\u9756\u5929\u662f\u81ea\u5df1 (\u6307\u6307\u81ea\u5df1), \u4e5f\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u505a\u932f\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u81ea\u5df1, \u4ea6\u958b\u59cb\u627f\u64d4\u904e\u932f…. <\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u9858, \u9072\u4e9b\u6642\u9593, \u5fc3\u809d\u80fd\u5920\u641e\u6e05\u695a”\u6211”, “\u4f60”, “\u4f62…… <\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

(402)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"Picture\"
\u9673C9: \u300e\u6211\u500b\u4ed4\u6210\u65e5\u90fd\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5, \u505a\u5de6\u53c8\u5514\u8a8d….. \u300f
\u5f35C9: \u300e\u6211\u500b\u5973\u660e\u660e\u5514\u958b\u5fc3, \u53c8\u4e0d\u505c\u5481\u7b11, \u597d\u4f3c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u5481…..\u300f<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u66fe\u7d93\u8a71\u904e\u5973\u5152…<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f62\u771f\u4fc2\u597d\u53e4\u60d1\u5440…..<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f62\u6210\u65e5\u90fd\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5\u5481…. <\/font><\/p>\n

(\u660e\u660e\u505a\u932f\u91ce, \u7747\u4f4f\u4f62\u932f)
\u554f\u5979: \u300e\u908a\u500b\u5514\u5ca9\u5440?\u300f
\u5973\u5152: \u300e(\u6307\u4f4f\u7238B) \u7238B\u56c9!!!\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

\u53c8\u6210\u554f\u5973\u5152: \u300e\u9ede\u89e3\u60a8\u8981\u8b1b\u5927\u8a71?! \u60a8\u77e5\u5514\u77e5\u5481\u6a23\u4fc2\u5514\u5ca9?\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

……..<\/font><\/p>\n

…………….<\/font><\/p>\n

……………………<\/font><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u81f3\u4e0a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u8ab2…. \u624d\u767c\u73fe… \u539f\u4f86\u5b78\u8aaa\u4e0a\u6709Private Self<\/strong>\u4e00\u8a5e!!!!<\/font><\/p>\n

\u610f\u8a5e\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u4eba\u4eba\u4e16\u754c\u7684”\u9670\u9670\u6fd5\u6fd5”, “\u53e4\u53e4\u60d1\u60d1”, “\u8b1b\u5927\u8a71\u5514\u8aa0\u5be6”……<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8001\u5e2b\u518d\u4e09\u5f37\u8abf: \u300e\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5730\u6709\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb, \u8acb\u52ff\u9a5a\u614c, \u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u64d4\u5fc3, \u56e0\u70ba\u5462\u500b\u7d55\u5c0d\u7d55\u5c0d\u4fc2\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u6210\u9577\u65e2\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u968e\u6bb5, \u4f62\u5730\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7d93\u6b77\u904e, \u5148\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u65e2”\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5”, \u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u65e2, \u5c31\u4fc2\u5584\u610f\u7684\u7cfe\u6b63\u4f62\u65e2\u904e\u932f… \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86!\u300f<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u5730\u65b9, \u6703\u6709”I”\u540c”ME”\u4e4b\u5206, \u4f46\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u65e2\u8a9e\u8a00, \u4ec0\u9ebc”I”, \u4ec0\u9ebc”ME”, \u90fd\u4fc2\u4e00\u500b”\u6211”\u5b57, \u8b8a\u76f8, \u6211\u5730\u53ef\u4ee5\u9818\u7565\u65e2, \u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u9072, \u6bd4\u8f03\u6162……<\/font><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4f86\u60f3\u5c07\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u4e2d\u6587, \u4f46\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u5947\u5dee\u7684\u6211, \u5be6\u5728\u986f\u919c\u4e0d\u5982\u85cf\u6398… \"emotion\" \u6587\u5b57\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3, \u5167\u5bb9\u66f4\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u660e…. \u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u597d\u53cb\u5011, \u53ef\u4ee5\u7d30\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b…. <\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

Public Self<\/font><\/strong>: people can see (both physically & mentally)<\/font><\/p>\n

Private Self<\/font><\/strong>: not available for public scrutiny<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

By the age of 2-3<\/font><\/strong>
<\/font>~ aware knowing something that others don’t know
<\/font>~ know that their thoughts cannot be observed, reflected by (1) lying and hiding their guilt; (2) faking emotions<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\"Picture\"<\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/u><\/strong><\/font> <\/p>\n

The Concept of “I” & “ME”<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

I<\/font><\/strong>: a private self<\/strong> that has an inner, reflective (thinking) character not available to others<\/font><\/p>\n

ME<\/strong><\/font>: a public self<\/strong> that others can see<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\n

An 18 – 24 months old<\/strong><\/font> infant often use a personal pronoun (me) or their own name to label their photographic image (Lewis & Brooks-Gunn, 1979)<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u8a18: \u96e3\u602a\u9756\u5929\u898b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u500b\u6a23, \u53ea\u6703\u8aaa”\u9756\u5929”, \u4f46\u6975\u5c11\u8aaa”\u6211”, “\u6211\u9ece\u67b6”….<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Early understandings of Mental States\"Picture\"<\/u><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

At 18-month-old<\/font><\/em><\/strong>: reason accurately about other peoples’ desires (Toddlers demonstrate some awareness of their own & others’ mental states)<\/font><\/p>\n

By the age of 2-3<\/em><\/font><\/strong>: often talk about mental states such as needs, feelings, desire  (\u4e5f\u8a31\u5c31\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86tERRIBLE 2\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5427?)<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

Between 3-4<\/font><\/em><\/strong>: a belief-desire theory of mind appears (Children recognize, as we adults do, those beliefs & desires are different mental states & that their or both can influence one’s conduct) (Wellman, 1990)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

Example: A 4-year-old that has broken a vase while roughhousing, may try to overcome his mother’s desire to punish him by trying to make her believe that his breaking that vase was an accident<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Middle Childhood (7-9 years):<\/font><\/em><\/strong>
~ Using more abstract or psychological attributes to represent their inner qualities (e.g. traits values, beliefs, etc)
~ Evolves from social interactions and undergoes many changes over the course of a lifetime<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u7533\u95b1\u8b80: <\/font><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5 (Self-Concept), by \u660e\u5831\u901a\u8b58\u7db2, Sept 07  (<\/font>CLICK HERE<\/strong><\/font><\/a>)
<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8ad6 (Theory of Mind), by Ying0106, Jul 09  (<\/font>CLICK HERE<\/font><\/strong><\/a>)<\/font>
<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ab2\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5514\u773c\u8a13, \u5c31\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u7406\u8ad6, \u96d6\u60b6, \u4f46\u537b\u6b63\u6b63\u53ef\u4ee5\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u5973\u5152\u8eab\u4e0a….\"emotion\"<\/font><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u7576\u9756\u5929\u5abd\u5abd\u82e5\u5e72\u6708\u524d\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u60f3: \u70ba\u4f55\u9756\u5929\u5c0f\u5c0f\u5e74\u7d00\u6703\u8aaa\u8b0a\u8a71? \u70ba\u4f55\u5fc3\u809d\u660e\u660e\u505a\u932f\u800c\u77e5\u9053\u537b\u53c8\u80e1\u8aaa\u662f\u7238B….. \u539f\u4f86\u4e00\u5207, \u90fd\u662f\u9019\u500b”\u6211<\/font><\/strong>“\u5728\u4f5c\u602a….\"emotion\"<\/font><\/p>\n

\u660e\u767d\u4e86, \u77e5\u9053\u4e86, \u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u64d4\u5fc3, \u662f\u5426\u6559\u5c0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u51fa\u554f\u984c…. <\/font><\/p>\n

2\u6b72\u7684\u9756\u5929, \u5c0d”\u6211”\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5df2\u7d93\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5f37, \u77e5\u9053\u9756\u5929\u662f\u81ea\u5df1 (\u6307\u6307\u81ea\u5df1), \u4e5f\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u505a\u932f\u7684\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u81ea\u5df1, \u4ea6\u958b\u59cb\u627f\u64d4\u904e\u932f…. <\/font><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u9858, \u9072\u4e9b\u6642\u9593, \u5fc3\u809d\u80fd\u5920\u641e\u6e05\u695a”\u6211”, “\u4f60”, “\u4f62…… <\/font><\/p>\n

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